By Amin Sabeti
There have been a variety of controversies over filtering, the extent of which was intensified following the Iranian disputed election, since the past year. This time on, at the end of each season, there will be some news briefs about the latest circumstances of filtering in Iran published in form of seasonal periodicals. In this issue, which is the first set of these reports on the “study of filtering”, we try to discuss on-line censorship in the spring of 2010.
March 29
There was a new filtering page, including many changes and some “useful links” on the page, introduced instead of the old version of the filtering page.
April 10
Mohammad Hosseini, the Minister for Islamic Culture and Guidance for the 10th government, declared that the Parliament conservatives’ website had been filtered, the reason of which was issuing “immoral contents and subjects”.
April 13
The Iranian Engineers’ Club website which works in the scientific fields aiming to help Iranian engineers and owns several conference halls was filtered. As authorities have claimed, insult and vituperation to the regime in the discussions going on the conference hall were the probable reasons for having the site filtered.
April 14
Censorship Research Center (CRC) said that they have produced a new type of software named “Haystack” for citizen-journalists by which they can send and receive their contents without having their identities being revealed. The developers of this software said that Haystack can make some new changes on the sent packages so that all users can pass through filtering. It has been some months since the US Treasury Department issued the OFAC License to export the services to Iranian users, yet the software has not been made available to them.
April 20
Google Images, one of the Google’s search engine subdivisions specialized to search the images, was filtered.
April 21
The filtering to Google Images was removed in 24 hours.
April 22
Wikimedia Commons for Farsi section, where the images to Wikipedia are saved, was filtered.
April 26
The main page and the management section to Blogger services, which is the greatest blogging service in the world, were filtered. Moreover, “Iranian Teachers’ Foundation” website and “Sokhan-e-Moallem” website (Teacher’s Speech) were filtered, as well.
April 29
Before this date, filtering was applied on the Opposition and dissidents’ websites and bloggers criticizing the Iranian regime, but some stricter measures were taken to exert more constraints on the bloggers. Even, the pro-conservative weblogs were affected, for example, the websites, such as, “Our School”, “Ismaeil News”, “Memories of the War Front”, and “Ahestan”. This made some extremist websites like Raja News exhibit severe reactions. Raja News, in a report, said that personal interests have been applied to filtering procedures in Iran. It also maintained that there are some parallel foundations which contribute to the filtering practices of some websites and weblogs. There was, then, a new wave under the title of “A Weblog Wave in Support of Ahestans”, the slogan of which was “the Protection for Pro-governmental Weblogs” that were not favored by the government or were filtered, so to speak.
May 28
Google search engine was filtered and it was removed in just 20 minutes.
June 8
“Download Club” that deals with presenting several types of software joined the group of filtered websites.
June 10
The weblog for the proponents of Ali Motahhari, a conservative member of Parliament who oppose Ahmadinejad, was filtered. Ehsan Rastegar, in his blog “a Critic Not a Dissident, an Independent Not a Partisan”, announced that the filtering of the weblog for the proponents of Ali Motahhari was an evil action done by some disappointed bunch of young men. Meanwhile, he contended that the wide spectrum of filtering practices does not refer to the inapplicability of the government, but it is, in fact, a mistake made by some unskilled young men.
June 13
All the weblogs on the servers of WordPress.com were filtered. Before this time, English and Persian pages for this blogging service had been filtered. On the same day, the website to the Laborers’ Syndicate for Tehran and Suburbs Public Transportation Company and the official website for Ayatollah Montazeri were filtered, as well.
June 17
The websites to share files, such as, Rapid Share, Mega Upload, File Factory and Deposit File were filtered. These websites are one of those well-known websites downloading movie series, movies and some several types of website used by Iranians.
June 20
Blogfa blogging service and Persian Blog were completely filtered, the filtering of which entailed all subdivision blogs. Paradoxically, these two weblog services were two of the suggested links on the filtering page. In addition to these sites, “The Cloob Social Network” was filtered.
June 21
Blogfa and Persian Blog weblog services came out of filtering status, and so did The Cloob website after 13 days.
A Look at the Margins
- Some weblogs which have not been updated for months did not weather the storm of filtering and were, too, filtered during the time there was a wide range of filtering measures in June.
- Filtering has also leaked inside email spaces and above the pages of email servers like Yahoo you can see the filtering page instead of email boxes.
A Conclusion to Spring
On the whole, it is not possible to arrive at an accurate conclusion about the circumstances of filtering in a seasonal report in Iran. However, it makes sense to come to a general understanding about the current circumstances which will grow clearer and more tenable after some further reports have been published.
Spring 2010 has been the season of filtering of blogging services and blogs in a way that three major blogging services, such as, BlogFa, Persian Blog, and WordPress were totally filtered for some while. Furthermore, some other vehicles like websites which provide bloggers with sufficient spaces for uploading their materials were filtered. This was somewhat predictable as there were some several anniversaries during June and political atmosphere in Iran became much too tense. Therefore, Weblogestan-e-Farsi (Persian Blogosphere), which is one of the informative channels, went under much pressure regarding the occasion.
On the plus side, spring 2010, has been the season when there was a broader range of filtering practices in Iran insofar as pro-Fundamentalist weblogs, too, were involved with censorship. Only in the summer report we will see if the range of filtering has extended or not. It is still too soon to talk about this issue yet. All we can finalize here is that spring was a dark period of time to Weblogestan-e-Farsi. Thus, we name entitle spring “the season to kill Persian Blogosphere”.
Source: AzadCyber
بهار، فصل کشتار وبلاگستان فارسی
امین ثابتی
فیلترینگ در ایران در طی سالهای اخیر بحثهای بسیاری برانگیخته و پس از انتخابات جنجالبرانگیز ریاست جمهوری در ۲۲ خرداد سال گذشته، بحثهای مرتبط با آن با توجه به افزایش چشمگیر دامنهی فیلترینگ، گسترش یافت و شدت بیشتری گرفت. از این پس، در پایان هر فصل، گزارشی از آخرین وضعیت فیلترینگ در ایران را به صورت فصلنامه منتشر خواهیم کرد. در این گزارش که اولین گزارش از سری گزارشهای «بررسی فیلترینگ» است، به وضعیت سانسور آنلاین در بهار ۱۳۸۹ میپردازیم
فروردین ۸۹
۹ فروردین: صفحهی جدید فیلترینگ با تغییرات زیادی که شامل اضافه کردن «لینکهای مفید» در صفحهی فیلترینگ است، به جای صفحهی قدیمی فیلترینگ قرار گرفت
۲۱ فروردین: محمد حسینی، وزیر فرهنگ و ارشاد اسلامی دولت دهم از فیلتر شدن وبسایت اصولگرایان مجلس خبر داد و علت آن را «انتشار مطالب مخالف آداب و اخلاق» ذکر کرد
۲۴ فروردین: وبسایت باشگاه مهندسان ایران که در زمینهی علمی و با هدف کمک به مهندسان ایرانی فعالیت میکند و دارای تالارهای گفتگوی متعددی است، فیلتر شد. براساس بحثهایی که در تالار گفتگوی این وبسایت شده است، توهین و افترا به عنوان یکی از دلایل احتمالی فیلتر شدن این وبسایت اعلام شده است
۲۵ فروردین: مرکز تحقیقات درباره سانسور (CRC) از تولید نرمافزاری به نام «هیستک» خبر داد که مردم و به خصوص شهروند- روزنامهنگاران میتوانند بدون آنکه شناسایی شوند، گزارشها و مطالب خود را دریافت و یا ارسال کنند. توسعهدهندگان این نرمافزار گفتند «هیستک» با اعمال تغییراتی در پکتهای ارسالی میتواند امکان عبور از فیلترینگ را هم به کاربران ایرانی بدهد. اما با گذشت چند ماه از اعلام صدور مجوز وزارت خزانهداری آمریکا برای ارائه این سرویس به ایرانیان، هنوز این نرمافزار بهصورت رسمی در دسترس کاربران قرار نگرفته است
۳۱ فروردین: Google Images، یکی از زیرمجموعههای موتور جستجوی گوگل که مختص جستجوی تصاویر است، فیلتر شد
اردیبهشت ۸۹
۱ اردیبهشت: سرویس Google Images با گذشت ۲۴ ساعت از فیلتر شدنش، رفع فیلتر شد
۲ اردیبهشت: ویکی انبار ویکیپدیا فیلتر شد. ویکی انبار بخشی از ویکیپدیا است که در آن تصاویر ویکیپدیا ذخیره میشود
۶ اردیبهشت: صفحهی اصلی و بخش مدیریت سرویس وبلاگنویسی بلاگر که از آن به عنوان بزرگترین سرویس وبلاگنویسی در جهان یاد میشود، فیلتر شد. علاوه بر این، سایتهای صنفی معلمان از جمله سایت «کانون صنفی معلمان ایران» و «سخن معلم» نیز فیلتر شدند
۹ اردیبهشت: تا پیش از این ماه، فیلترینگ تنها شامل وبسایتها و وبلاگهای منتقد دولت و حکومت جمهوری اسلامی ایران بود، اما در اردیبهشت ماه این روش سختگیرانهتر، و این دایره تنگتر شد و وبلاگهای حامی اصولگرایان نیز به زیر تیغ فیلترینگ رفتند. وبلاگهایی مانند «مدرسه ما»، «اسماعیل نیوز»، «خاطرات جبهه» و «آهستان» فیلتر شدند که این اقدام از سوی نویسندگان و وبسایتهای خبری افراطی مانند رجانیوز با واکنشهای شدیدی مواجه شد. رجانیوز در گزارشی از اعمال سلیقههای شخصی در سیستم فیلترینگ ایران سخن گفت و از وجود نهادهای موازی برای فیلترینگ وبسایتها و وبلاگها خبر داد. در ادامهی این اعتراضها، موج وبلاگیای با عنوان «موج وبلاگی حمایت از آهستانها» ایجاد شد که شعارشان حمایت از وبلاگهای ارزشی بود که مورد بیمهری (یا همان فیلترینگ) قرار گرفته بودند. در همین راستا وبسایتی هم با همین نام (موج وبلاگی حمایت از آهستانها) ایجاد شد
خرداد ۸۹
۷ خرداد: موتور جستجوی گوگل فیلتر شد اما بعد از حدود ۲۰ دقیقه این فیلترینگ برطرف شد
۱۸ خرداد: «کلوب دانلود» که به ارائهی نرمافزارهای مختلف میپردازد، به جمع وبسایتهای فیلتر شده پیوست
۲۰ خرداد: وبلاگ هواداران علی مطهری فیلتر شد. احسان رستگار در وبلاگ «منتقد نه مخالف، مستقل نه جناحی» این خبر را اعلام کرد و فیلترینگ وبلاگ هواداران علی مطهری را شیطنت چند جوان تازه از تخم سربرآورده نامید و این دامنه گسترده فیلترینگ را دلیلی برای ناکارآمد بودن نظام نداست و آن را تنها اشتباه چند جوان تازه کار اعلام کرد
۲۳ خرداد: تمامی وبلاگهایی که بر روی سرور وردپرس دات کام قرار داشتند به طور کامل فیلتر شدند. قبل از این هم صفحههای فارسی و انگلیسی این سرویس وبلاگنویسی فیلتر شده بودند. در همین روز وبسایت سندیکای کارگران شرکت واحد اتوبوسرانی تهران و حومه و سایت رسمی آیتالله منتظری نیز فیلتر شدند
۲۷ خرداد: وبسایتهای اشتراک فایلی رپیدشیر، مگاآپلود، فایل فکتوری و دِپوزیت فایل فیلتر شدند. این وبسایتها یکی از غنیترین منابع ایرانیان برای دانلود سریال، فیلم و همچنین نرمافزارهای مختلف هستند
۳۰ خرداد: سرویس وبلاگنویسی بلاگفا و پرشین بلاگ به صورت کامل فیلتر شدند که این فیلترینگ شامل تمامی وبلاگهای زیر مجموعهی آنها نیز شد. نکتهی جالب در فیلتر شدن این دو سرویس وبلاگنویسی، وجود لینک این سرویس وبلاگنویسی در صفحهی فیلترینگ به عنوان لینک پیشنهادی است. همراه این دو سایت، شبکهی اجتماعی کلوب نیز فیلتر شد
۳۱ خرداد: سرویس وبلاگنویسی بلاگفا و پرشین بلاگ از فیلترینگ خارج شدند. وبسایت کلوب دانلود هم بعد از ۱۳ روز از فیلترینگ خارج شد
حاشیههای فیلترینگ در بهار ۸۹
- برخی از وبلاگهای که چندین ماه است به روز نشدهاند نیز از تیغ فیلترینگ به سلامت رد نشدهاند و در موج گسترده فیلترینگی که در خرداد ماه به راه افتاد، فیلتر شدند
- فیلترینگ وبسایتها به داخل ایمیلها هم نفوذ کرده و در سرویسهای ارائه دهندهی ایمیل مانند یاهو، به جای تبلیغات بالای صندوق پست، صفحهی معروف فیلترینگ دیده میشد
پایانبندی بهار
به طور کلی با نوشتن یک گزارش فصلی نمیتوان نتیجهگیری دقیقی از وضعیت و شرایط فیلترینگ در ایران داشت، اما با این حال میتوان به صورت کلی به نتایجی رسید که با انتشار گزارشهای بعدی این نتیجهگیریها دقیقتر خواهند شد
بهار ۸۹ فصل فیلترینگ سرویسهای وبلاگنویسی و وبلاگها بوده است. به گونهای که سه سرویس بزرگ وبلاگنویسی بلاگفا، پرشین بلاگ و وردپرس برای مدتی به صورت کامل فیلتر شدند و علاوه بر این ابزارهایی مانند سایتهایی که فضای کافی برای آپلود کردن محتوا را هم در اختیار وبلاگنویسان قرار میدادند هم فیلتر شدند که با توجه به شرایط سیاسی در ایران و سالگردهای متعدد در خرداد ماه، اینگونه واکنش نسبت به وبلاگستان فارسی که یکی از راههای اطلاعرسانی در این روزها است، قابل پیشبینی بود
علاوه بر این بهار ۸۹ فصل افزایش دامنهی فیلترینگ در ایران نیز بوده است به گونهای که وبلاگهای حامی اصولگرایان نیز دچار سانسور شدند. در مورد اینکه آیا دامنهی فیلترینگ در حال گسترش است، میتوان در گزارش تابستان ۸۹ صحبت کرد و در این مرحله سخن گفتن در مورد آن زود است
در نهایت باید گفت بهار ۸۹ فصل تاریکی برای وبلاگستان فارسی بوده است و میتوان این فصل را «فصل کشتار وبلاگستان فارسی» نامید
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I’ll gear this review to 2 types of people: current Zune owners who are considering an upgrade, and people trying to decide between a Zune and an iPod. (There are other players worth considering out there, like the Sony Walkman X, but I hope this gives you enough info to make an informed decision of the Zune vs players other than the iPod line as well.)
Apple now has Rhapsody as an app, which is a great start, but it is currently hampered by the inability to store locally on your iPod, and has a dismal 64kbps bit rate. If this changes, then it will somewhat negate this advantage for the Zune, but the 10 songs per month will still be a big plus in Zune Pass’ favor.
Would you be all in favour of exchanging hyperlinks?